diff --git a/PLAN.md b/PLAN.md
index a9a3feb..14ff3b0 100644
--- a/PLAN.md
+++ b/PLAN.md
@@ -1143,6 +1143,14 @@ has to be its own commit with its own re-recorded scorecard.
   contrast, was honestly missing -- refused, with the wrong code (2 where
   mongod says 67) but the right answer.
 
+  **`tests/spec/indexes/` is the gate**, recorded red at 3/39 across 42 cases.
+  A case there is a *sequence* -- create, insert, read, list -- because an
+  index outlives a `deleteMany` and every case is about which indexes exist.
+  Recording it corrected two of the review's own guesses: `$in` in a partial
+  filter is **allowed** (the review grouped it with `$ne` and `$regex`, which
+  are 67), and the same key with a different filter and no explicit name is
+  **IndexKeySpecsConflict (86)**, not 67.
+
   `docs/M3_INDEX_TYPES_DESIGN_REVIEW.md` measures both features' rules and
   argues the planner rule that decides the design: a partial index may only
   answer a query whose predicates *imply* its filter, so until that test
diff --git a/tests/spec/indexes/README.md b/tests/spec/indexes/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f27dabd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spec/indexes/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# The index corpus
+
+M3's last row: partial and hashed indexes. `docs/M3_INDEX_TYPES_DESIGN_REVIEW.md`
+measured both against mongod 8.3.7 and found they were not the same kind of
+gap — hashed was honestly refused, `partialFilterExpression` was accepted and
+ignored, and a *unique* partial index therefore refused inserts mongod
+accepts.
+
+It also found that **no test in this repository covered that row, in any
+suite**. The pinned corpus is crud and aggregate; `tests/e2e/e2e5.js` and
+`e2e6.js` test indexes and write neither a partial nor a hashed spec. So this
+directory exists for the same reason `tests/spec/positional/` and
+`tests/spec/operators/` do.
+
+## The one rule
+
+**Inputs are authored here; expectations are measured against a real mongod.**
+
+```
+tests/spec/indexes/
+  sources/*.json      documents + operations, authored
+  record.js           runs them against mongod, writes the expectations
+  *.json              generated, unified format, do not hand-edit
+```
+
+```sh
+mongod --port 27099 --dbpath <dir>
+node tests/spec/indexes/record.js --mongod-port 27099
+node tests/spec/run.js --suite-dir tests/spec/indexes
+```
+
+Unlike the other two corpora, a case here is a **sequence**: create an index,
+insert against it, read back, list it. An index outlives a `deleteMany`, and
+every case is about which indexes exist, so the recorder drops the collection
+between cases and walks each case's operations in order — stopping at the
+first that throws, which is what a client would see.
+
+## Where it stands
+
+Recorded against mongod 8.3.7, run before any of it was implemented:
+
+```
+hashed.json     0 pass   18 fail   0 skip
+partial.json    3 pass   21 fail   0 skip
+```
+
+Red by construction. The three that pass are the reads a partial index does
+not change: this server builds an index over every document, so a query still
+finds everything, which is the whole reason the review called the partial gap
+smaller than the `arrayFilters` one.
+
+## What recording it settled
+
+Two of the review's own guesses were wrong, which is why it was recorded
+rather than reasoned:
+
+| | mongod |
+|---|---|
+| `$in` in a partial filter | **allowed** — the review listed it with `$ne` and `$regex` |
+| same key, different filter, no explicit name | **IndexKeySpecsConflict (86)**, not the 67 the review assumed |
+
+And what it confirmed:
+
+| | mongod |
+|---|---|
+| a unique partial index | constrains only the documents its filter selects — two `{a: 1, t: false}` are fine, two `{a: 9, t: true}` are E11000 |
+| a document *leaving* the filter | frees the value it held for another document to take |
+| a document *entering* the filter | must take a value nothing inside it holds, or the update is E11000 |
+| `$regex`, `$ne` in a filter | 67 |
+| a filter that is not a document | TypeMismatch (14) |
+| `sparse` + `partialFilterExpression` | 67 — may not be combined |
+| `expireAfterSeconds` + a filter | allowed; `listIndexes` reports the filter *before* the expiry |
+| an empty filter | allowed, and reported |
+| two hashed components | 31303 |
+| `unique` on a hashed index | 16764 |
+| an array at a hashed path | 16766, **at insert time**, not at creation |
+| a key direction that is not 1, -1 or `"hashed"` | 67 |
+| a hashed index beside an ascending one on the same field | both exist |
+| a range query or a sort over a hashed field | still correct — the planner declines the index rather than misusing it |
diff --git a/tests/spec/indexes/hashed.json b/tests/spec/indexes/hashed.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..736343e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spec/indexes/hashed.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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diff --git a/tests/spec/indexes/partial.json b/tests/spec/indexes/partial.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..504c54d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spec/indexes/partial.json
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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diff --git a/tests/spec/indexes/record.js b/tests/spec/indexes/record.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b67e8d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spec/indexes/record.js
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+// Record an index corpus by asking a real mongod what the answer is.
+//
+// Partial and hashed indexes: M3's last row. `docs/M3_INDEX_TYPES_DESIGN_REVIEW.md`
+// found that `partialFilterExpression` was accepted and ignored here, which
+// made a *unique* partial index refuse inserts mongod accepts -- and that no
+// test in this repository covered the row, in any suite. The pinned corpus is
+// crud and aggregate; `e2e5.js` and `e2e6.js` test indexes but write neither
+// a partial nor a hashed spec.
+//
+// Unlike `tests/spec/operators/`, a case here is a *sequence*: create an
+// index, insert against it, read back, list it. So the source format carries
+// a list of operations rather than one, and the recorder walks them in order,
+// stopping at the first that throws -- which is what a client would see.
+//
+//   node tests/spec/indexes/record.js --mongod-port 27099
+//
+// Options:
+//   --mongod-port <n>  a running mongod to measure against (default 27099)
+//   --only <name>      record just one source file
+const fs = require('fs');
+const path = require('path');
+const DRIVER = path.join(__dirname, '..', '..', 'e2e', 'node_modules', 'mongodb');
+const { MongoClient } = require(DRIVER);
+const { EJSON, ObjectId } = require(path.join(DRIVER, 'lib', 'bson.js'));
+
+const argv = process.argv.slice(2);
+function opt(name, dflt) {
+    const i = argv.indexOf('--' + name);
+    if (i < 0) return dflt;
+    const v = argv[i + 1];
+    return v === undefined || v.startsWith('--') ? true : v;
+}
+
+const PORT = parseInt(opt('mongod-port', '27099'), 10);
+const ONLY = opt('only', null);
+const SRC_DIR = path.join(__dirname, 'sources');
+const DB_NAME = 'index-corpus';
+const COLL = 'coll';
+const SCHEMA_VERSION = '1.4';
+
+/// An ObjectId is the one value no source authors, so masking it is
+/// unambiguous. Nothing else here is unpredictable: an index name, a key
+/// specification and a document count are all decided by the input.
+function mask(value) {
+    if (value instanceof ObjectId) return { $$type: 'objectId' };
+    if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.map(mask);
+    if (value && typeof value === 'object' && value.constructor === Object) {
+        const out = {};
+        for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(value)) out[k] = mask(v);
+        return out;
+    }
+    return value;
+}
+
+async function main() {
+    const client = new MongoClient(`mongodb://127.0.0.1:${PORT}`, { serverSelectionTimeoutMS: 3000 });
+    try {
+        await client.connect();
+    } catch (e) {
+        console.error(`no mongod on :${PORT} -- start one first:\n` +
+            `  mongod --port ${PORT} --dbpath <dir>\n${e.message}`);
+        process.exit(2);
+    }
+    const build = await client.db('admin').command({ buildInfo: 1 });
+    console.log(`recording against mongod ${build.version} on :${PORT}`);
+
+    const sources = fs.readdirSync(SRC_DIR).filter((f) => f.endsWith('.json'))
+        .filter((f) => !ONLY || f === ONLY || f === ONLY + '.json')
+        .sort();
+    for (const file of sources) {
+        const src = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(path.join(SRC_DIR, file), 'utf8'));
+        const name = path.basename(file, '.json');
+        const out = await record(client, name, src);
+        fs.writeFileSync(path.join(__dirname, `${name}.json`), EJSON.stringify(out, { relaxed: false, indent: 2 }) + '\n');
+        const errs = out.tests.filter((t) => t.operations.some((o) => o.expectError)).length;
+        console.log(`  ${name}: ${out.tests.length} cases, ${errs} of them reaching an error`);
+    }
+    await client.close();
+    console.log('RECORDED');
+}
+
+async function record(client, name, src) {
+    const db = client.db(DB_NAME);
+    const coll = db.collection(COLL);
+    const tests = [];
+
+    for (const c of src.cases) {
+        const documents = c.documents === undefined ? src.documents : c.documents;
+        // Dropped rather than emptied: an index outlives a `deleteMany`, and
+        // every case here is about which indexes exist.
+        await coll.drop().catch(() => {});
+        if (documents.length) await coll.insertMany(structuredClone(documents));
+
+        const operations = [];
+        // A case that brings its own documents reseeds through operations,
+        // because `initialData` is per file and seeded once per test.
+        if (c.documents !== undefined) {
+            operations.push({ object: 'collection0', name: 'deleteMany', arguments: { filter: {} } });
+            if (documents.length) {
+                operations.push({
+                    object: 'collection0',
+                    name: 'insertMany',
+                    arguments: { documents: structuredClone(documents) },
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        for (const op of c.ops) {
+            const rec = { object: 'collection0', name: op.name, arguments: structuredClone(op.arguments) };
+            try {
+                rec.expectResult = mask(await invoke(coll, op.name, structuredClone(op.arguments)));
+            } catch (e) {
+                // The code, not the message. mongod's index-specification
+                // errors embed a rendering of the whole spec, which no
+                // formatter here produces.
+                delete rec.expectResult;
+                rec.expectError = { isError: true, errorCode: e.code };
+                operations.push(rec);
+                break; // a client would stop here too
+            }
+            operations.push(rec);
+        }
+
+        const after = await coll.find({}, { sort: { _id: 1 } }).toArray();
+        tests.push({
+            description: c.description,
+            operations,
+            outcome: [{ collectionName: COLL, databaseName: DB_NAME, documents: after.map(mask) }],
+        });
+    }
+    await coll.drop().catch(() => {});
+
+    return {
+        description: name,
+        schemaVersion: SCHEMA_VERSION,
+        // Recorded, not authored. Regenerate with tests/spec/indexes/record.js.
+        createEntities: [
+            { client: { id: 'client0' } },
+            { database: { id: 'database0', client: 'client0', databaseName: DB_NAME } },
+            { collection: { id: 'collection0', database: 'database0', collectionName: COLL } },
+        ],
+        initialData: [{ collectionName: COLL, databaseName: DB_NAME, documents: src.documents }],
+        tests,
+    };
+}
+
+async function invoke(coll, name, args) {
+    switch (name) {
+        case 'createIndex': {
+            const { keys, ...rest } = args;
+            return await coll.createIndex(keys, rest);
+        }
+        case 'listIndexes':
+            return await coll.listIndexes().toArray();
+        case 'dropIndex':
+            return plain(await coll.dropIndex(args.name));
+        case 'insertMany':
+            return plain(await coll.insertMany(args.documents));
+        case 'insertOne':
+            return plain(await coll.insertOne(args.document));
+        case 'find':
+            return await coll.find(args.filter || {}, { sort: args.sort }).toArray();
+        case 'countDocuments':
+            return await coll.countDocuments(args.filter || {});
+        case 'deleteMany':
+            return plain(await coll.deleteMany(args.filter || {}));
+        case 'updateOne':
+            return plain(await coll.updateOne(args.filter, args.update, args));
+        default:
+            throw new Error(`record.js does not know the operation '${name}'`);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Driver results carry `acknowledged` and driver-side types; the unified
+/// format's expectations are the plain counts and ids.
+function plain(result) {
+    const out = {};
+    for (const k of ['insertedCount', 'insertedId', 'insertedIds', 'deletedCount', 'matchedCount', 'modifiedCount', 'upsertedCount']) {
+        if (result[k] !== undefined) out[k] = result[k];
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+main().catch((e) => {
+    console.error('RECORD_FAIL', e);
+    process.exit(1);
+});
diff --git a/tests/spec/indexes/sources/hashed.json b/tests/spec/indexes/sources/hashed.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db5ca90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spec/indexes/sources/hashed.json
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+{
+  "_comment": [
+    "Inputs only. Expectations are measured -- see record.js.",
+    "Hashed indexes. The tree is ordered by a hash, so it answers equality and",
+    "nothing else; every read case here exists to pin that a range query and a",
+    "sort still come back *correct*, because the planner declining to use the",
+    "index is the only thing that makes them so."
+  ],
+  "documents": [
+    { "_id": 1, "a": 1, "s": "x" },
+    { "_id": 2, "a": 5, "s": "y" },
+    { "_id": 3, "s": "z" },
+    { "_id": 4, "a": 5, "s": "x" }
+  ],
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "description": "a hashed index is created and names itself for the plugin",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "an equality query answers every match",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": 5 }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "equality against a value nothing holds",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": 99 }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "equality against a missing field",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": null }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a range query still answers every match",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": { "$gte": 5 } }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a sort on the hashed field is by value, not by hash",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": {}, "sort": { "a": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "equality across numeric types",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": 5.0 }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "inserting after the index exists",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "insertOne", "arguments": { "document": { "_id": 5, "a": 5 } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": 5 }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "deleting through a hashed index",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "deleteMany", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": 5 } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": {}, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a hashed component beside a range one",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed", "s": 1 } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "two hashed components are refused",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed", "s": "hashed" } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a unique hashed index is refused",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" }, "unique": true } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "an array at the hashed path is refused, at insert time",
+      "documents": [],
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "insertOne", "arguments": { "document": { "_id": 1, "a": [1, 2] } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a key direction that is neither 1, -1 nor hashed",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "bogus" } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a sparse hashed index",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" }, "sparse": true } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "the same hashed index twice is idempotent",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a hashed index beside an ascending one on the same field",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 } } },
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a hashed index is dropped by name",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": "hashed" } } },
+        { "name": "dropIndex", "arguments": { "name": "a_hashed" } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/tests/spec/indexes/sources/partial.json b/tests/spec/indexes/sources/partial.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1daade
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/spec/indexes/sources/partial.json
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+{
+  "_comment": [
+    "Inputs only. Expectations are measured -- see record.js.",
+    "`partialFilterExpression`: which filters may be written, what the index",
+    "then reports about itself, and the one behaviour that made ignoring the",
+    "option a wrong answer rather than a missing feature -- a unique partial",
+    "index constrains only the documents its filter selects."
+  ],
+  "documents": [
+    { "_id": 1, "a": 1, "s": "x" },
+    { "_id": 2, "a": 5, "s": "y" },
+    { "_id": 3, "s": "z" },
+    { "_id": 4, "a": 5, "s": "x" }
+  ],
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "description": "a partial index is created and reports its filter",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gte": 5 } } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a query the filter covers still answers every match",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gte": 5 } } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": { "$gte": 5 } }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a query the filter excludes still answers every match",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gte": 5 } } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": 1 }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a query straddling the filter still answers every match",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gte": 5 } } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": { "a": { "$gte": 1 } }, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } },
+        { "name": "countDocuments", "arguments": { "filter": {} } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a unique partial index accepts duplicates its filter excludes",
+      "documents": [],
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "unique": true, "partialFilterExpression": { "t": true } } },
+        { "name": "insertMany", "arguments": { "documents": [{ "_id": 1, "a": 1, "t": false }, { "_id": 2, "a": 1, "t": false }] } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": {}, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a unique partial index refuses duplicates its filter selects",
+      "documents": [],
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "unique": true, "partialFilterExpression": { "t": true } } },
+        { "name": "insertMany", "arguments": { "documents": [{ "_id": 1, "a": 9, "t": true }, { "_id": 2, "a": 9, "t": true }] } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a document leaving the filter frees the value it held",
+      "documents": [],
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "unique": true, "partialFilterExpression": { "t": true } } },
+        { "name": "insertMany", "arguments": { "documents": [{ "_id": 1, "a": 9, "t": true }] } },
+        { "name": "updateOne", "arguments": { "filter": { "_id": 1 }, "update": { "$set": { "t": false } } } },
+        { "name": "insertOne", "arguments": { "document": { "_id": 2, "a": 9, "t": true } } },
+        { "name": "find", "arguments": { "filter": {}, "sort": { "_id": 1 } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a document entering the filter takes the value it names",
+      "documents": [],
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "unique": true, "partialFilterExpression": { "t": true } } },
+        { "name": "insertMany", "arguments": { "documents": [{ "_id": 1, "a": 9, "t": true }, { "_id": 2, "a": 9, "t": false }] } },
+        { "name": "updateOne", "arguments": { "filter": { "_id": 2 }, "update": { "$set": { "t": true } } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter on $exists",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$exists": true } } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter with two predicates",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 }, "s": "x" } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter with an explicit $and",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "$and": [{ "a": { "$gt": 0 } }] } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter on a field the index does not name",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "s": "x" } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter using $regex is refused",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "s": { "$regex": "x" } } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter using $ne is refused",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$ne": 1 } } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter using $in is refused",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$in": [1, 2] } } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a filter that is not a document is refused",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": 1 } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "an empty filter",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": {} } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "sparse and a partial filter may not be combined",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "sparse": true, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a partial filter with a TTL",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "expireAfterSeconds": 100, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a partial index on a compound key",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1, "s": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "two indexes on one key differing only in their filter",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "name": "one", "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } },
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "name": "two", "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 4 } } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "the same index twice is idempotent",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } },
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "the same name with a different filter conflicts",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } },
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 4 } } } }
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "description": "a partial index is dropped by name",
+      "ops": [
+        { "name": "createIndex", "arguments": { "keys": { "a": 1 }, "name": "pa", "partialFilterExpression": { "a": { "$gt": 0 } } } },
+        { "name": "dropIndex", "arguments": { "name": "pa" } },
+        { "name": "listIndexes", "arguments": {} }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/tests/spec/run.js b/tests/spec/run.js
index 11c5143..67322c2 100644
--- a/tests/spec/run.js
+++ b/tests/spec/run.js
@@ -45,8 +45,9 @@ function opt(name, dflt) {
 const VERBOSE = !!opt('verbose', false);
 // The corpus. Defaults to the pinned crud suite; `--suite-dir` points the same
 // runner at another one, which is how `tests/spec/aggregate/`,
-// `tests/spec/positional/` and `tests/spec/operators/` are run -- each exists
-// because the pinned suite has a hole where a whole feature should be. Sharing
+// `tests/spec/positional/`, `tests/spec/operators/` and `tests/spec/indexes/`
+// are run -- each exists because the pinned suite has a hole where a whole
+// feature should be. Sharing
 // the runner rather than writing a second one is the point: the entity model,
 // the matchers, the skip accounting and `expectEvents` all come for free, and a
 // second runner would drift from this one exactly where it mattered.